5. Vaginal Infections

Vaginal infections or vaginitis can be caused by bacteria, yeasts, viruses and other parasites as well as some sexually transmitted diseases. The lining (mucosa) of the vagina becomes inflamed and most of the time there is intense itching. Take note of any abnormal discharge and odor - these usually signal a vaginal infection, including:

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginitis in women of childbearing age. It happens when the normal balance of bacteria is disrupted, resulting in an overgrowth of certain bacteria in the vagina. Having multiple sex partners, douching and using an intrauterine device (IUD) are known risks for BV. Besides itching around the outside of the vagina, women with BV often experience thin, grey discharge and a fishy odor. A course of antibiotics can clear up the infection.

Vaginal yeast infection or vaginal candidiasis often includes a discharge that is white and curd-like. Infection is common among women who are pregnant or who use antibiotics or birth control pills. Cranberry juice and yogurt are two foods that may help prevent the occurrence of yeast infections. Medical treatment options include oral preparations and antifungal vaginal creams.

Trichomoniasis is caused by microscopic parasites that you can get by having sex with an infected person. Symptoms can include yellow-green vaginal discharge, soreness and itchiness of the vagina as well as pain during sexual intercourse or urination. Trichomonas can be treated with antibiotic pills - usually metronidazole - but do not have sex until you and your partner have finished the treatment.

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